The medieval Rabbi Rashi commented that the God made the son of Abigail look very much like David to still suspicions that the child was the son of Abigail’s recently dead husband Nabal. The name “Chileab” means “Like his father”. So the idea is that the child’s birth name was Daniel, but he was later called Chileab.

The online ISBE offers the more prosaic story that the Samuel manuscript is corrupt (this is based on comparison with the Septuagint which renders Chileab as Dalouia — “restraint of the father”). Copy errors and manuscript damage do not weigh against the doctrine of inerrancy.

Either way, it does not seem to be much of a stretch to say that “Chileab” and “Daniel” refer to the same person.